OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF GRAPHENE-BASED CARBON COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR AIRCRAFT STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

Abstract

This thesis analyzes the operational efficiency of graphene-based carbon composite materials used in structural elements of aircraft. In modern aviation and space technology, not only the mechanical strength of materials is important, but also their reliability during long-term operation, service life, maintenance costs, and impact on fuel efficiency. From this perspective, graphene-based composites are considered promising structural materials.

Graphene is distinguished by its high elastic modulus (approximately 1 TPa), high tensile strength, and excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. By incorporating it as a nano-additive into carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites, it is possible to enhance fatigue resistance, impact resistance, and interlaminar strength. This helps slow down crack initiation and propagation during operation, increases structural reliability, and extends maintenance intervals.

Research results indicate that the addition of graphene can improve the fatigue resistance of existing composites by 25–40%, reduce microcrack development, and enhance thermal stability. However, the uniform dispersion of graphene and its cost-effective large-scale industrial production remain significant challenges.

In conclusion, graphene-based carbon composite materials represent an important factor in improving the operational efficiency of aircraft and can provide long-term economic and technical advantages.