KLAPANLARGA BOG‘LIQ BO‘LMAGAN BO‘LMACHALAR FIBRILATSIYASI: PATOGENEZ VA KLINIK AHAMIYATI
Keywords:
bo‘lmachalar fibrilatsiyasi, klapan bo‘lmagan, aritmiya, tromboz, insult, antikoagulyant, atriyal remodelatsiya, yurak yetishmovchiligi, elektrofiziologiya.Abstract
Klapanlarga bog‘liq bo‘lmagan bo‘lmachalar fibrilatsiyasi (non-valvular atrial fibrillation, NVAF) yurak ritmining eng keng tarqalgan supraventrikulyar buzilishlaridan biri bo‘lib, global miqyosda yurak-qon tomir kasalliklari strukturasida sezilarli o‘rin egallaydi. Ushbu holat atriyal elektr faolligining tartibsiz va yuqori chastotali impulslar bilan tavsiflanishi natijasida yuzaga keladi hamda gemodinamik samaradorlikning pasayishiga olib keladi. NVAF insult, tromboembolik asoratlar va yurak yetishmovchiligi rivojlanishining muhim xavf omili hisoblanadi. So‘nggi epidemiologik tadqiqotlar NVAF tarqalishi umumiy aholining 2–4 % ini tashkil etishini, 65 yoshdan yuqori populyatsiyada esa bu ko‘rsatkich 10 % gacha yetishini ko‘rsatmoqda. Kasallik rivojlanishida arterial gipertenziya, diabet mellitus, semizlik, koronar arter kasalligi va surunkali yurak yetishmovchiligi asosiy predispozitsion omillar sifatida aniqlangan. Maqolada NVAFning patofiziologik mexanizmlari, atriyal remodelatsiya jarayonlari, tromb hosil bo‘lishi mexanizmlari hamda zamonaviy antikoagulyant terapiya yondashuvlari ilmiy adabiyotlar asosida tahlil qilindi. Shuningdek, klinik tadqiqotlar natijalari asosida ritm va chastota nazorati strategiyalarining samaradorligi baholandi. NVAF bilan bog‘liq o‘lim va nogironlik ko‘rsatkichlarini kamaytirishda individual yondashuv va risk stratifikatsiyasi muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligi ta’kidlandi.
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