Clinical effectiveness of modern endodontic diagnostic methods: a theoretical and evidence-based analysis

Abstract

Accurate diagnosis is a cornerstone of successful endodontic treatment, directly influencing therapeutic decision-making and long-term clinical outcomes. Over the past two decades, endodontic diagnostics have undergone significant transformation with the introduction of advanced imaging technologies, digital tools, and biologically oriented testing methods. These innovations have improved clinicians’ ability to detect pulpal and periapical pathologies at earlier stages, differentiate between reversible and irreversible conditions, and evaluate complex root canal anatomy with greater precision. This article provides a comprehensive theoretical and evidence-based analysis of the clinical effectiveness of modern endodontic diagnostic methods. The study synthesizes data derived from peer-reviewed scientific articles, systematic reviews, and doctoral dissertations indexed in major biomedical databases. Emphasis is placed on comparing traditional diagnostic approaches with contemporary techniques such as cone-beam computed tomography, digital radiography, electronic pulp testing, laser Doppler flowmetry, and thermal vitality tests. Statistical findings reported in the literature demonstrate that modern diagnostic modalities significantly increase diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, thereby reducing the incidence of misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. Furthermore, these methods enhance clinician confidence, improve treatment planning, and contribute to higher success rates in endodontic therapy. The article concludes that the integration of advanced diagnostic technologies into routine clinical practice represents a fundamental shift toward precision-based endodontics and establishes a new standard of care.