ORIENTAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY REASEARCH
Oriental journal of academic and multidisciplinary research is an open access journal that publishes original research and review articles in various fields. The main objective is to offer an intellectual platform for international scholars and to promote interdisciplinary research in applied sciences. The purpose of this magazine is to introduce and design innovative educational technologies in the process of developing the modern education system, to implement creative ideas, proposals and solutions in the directions of holistic education development. The materials of this magazine can be used by professors and teachers of higher education institutions, academic lyceums and vocational colleges, and general education schools, independent researchers, graduate students, scientific employees, talented students and researchers conducting scientific work in this direction.
Cross-Cultural Military Education and Multinational Operations: Enhancing Interoperability and Cultural Competence in Peacekeeping Forces
Multinational military operations increasingly require coordinated action among armed forces originating from diverse cultural, institutional, and doctrinal environments. This study examines the role of cross cultural military education in strengthening interoperability and cultural competence within coalition and peacekeeping missions. The research focuses on how structured training frameworks, particularly those used in NATO and United Nations systems, contribute to operational effectiveness in multinational contexts. The study concludes that integrating standardized cultural competence training into military education systems is essential for improving the effectiveness and adaptability of modern multinational operations.
Contemporary military operations, military education, multinational operations, cultural competence, peacekeeping forces.
Multinational military operations increasingly require coordinated action among armed forces originating from diverse cultural, institutional, and doctrinal environments. This study examines the role of cross-cultural military education in strengthening interoperability and cultural competence within coalition and peacekeeping missions. The research focuses on how structured training frameworks, particularly those used in NATO and United Nations systems, contribute to operational effectiveness in multinational contexts. The study concludes that integrating standardized cultural competence training into military education systems is essential for improving the effectiveness and adaptability of modern multinational operations.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY METHODS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF DENTAL DISEASES AND EVALUATION OF TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN THE FERGANA REGION
This scientific article analyzes the clinical and laboratory characteristics of dental diseases observed in patients with bronchial asthma in the Fergana region, as well as methods for their detection and the effectiveness of treatment. Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the overall immunological state of the body, which is also reflected in the tissues of the oral cavity. Studies have shown that patients with bronchial asthma exhibit a higher prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and other pathological changes of the oral mucosa. The article describes clinical examination methods such as oral cavity inspection and index assessment systems (DMF, CPI), as well as laboratory investigations (histological, cytological, biochemical, bacteriological), including the analysis of saliva biochemical composition, pH level, and the condition of oral microflora. Statistical data indicate that dental diseases occur 1.5–2 times more frequently in patients with bronchial asthma compared to healthy individuals. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated based on a комплекс approach, and it was found that preventive and therapeutic measures, including hygienic practices, fluoride preparations, and anti-inflammatory agents, yielded highly positive results. The findings demonstrate that early detection and individualized treatment of dental diseases in patients with bronchial asthma are of great importance.
bronchial asthma, caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, oral cavity, clinical examination, laboratory diagnostics, saliva analysis, microflora.
KATTA SINF O‘QUVCHILARIDA INGLIZ TILIDA GAPIRISH KO‘NIKMASINI RIVOJLANTIRISHDA KOMMUNIKATIV YONDASHUVNING SAMARADORLI
Bugungi globallashuv sharoitida chet tillarni bilish har bir mutaxassis uchun muhim ko‘nikmalardan biri hisoblanadi. Ayniqsa, ingliz tili xalqaro muloqot vositasi sifatida alohida o‘rin tutmoqda. Shu bois umumta’lim maktablarida ingliz tilini samarali o‘qitish dolzarb masalalardan biri hisoblanmoqda. Katta sinf o‘quvchilari til o‘rganish jarayonining muhim bosqichida turadilar. Ular allaqachon ma’lum darajada grammatik bilimlarga ega bo‘lsalar-da, ko‘pincha o‘z fikrlarini ingliz tilida erkin ifoda etishda qiyinchiliklarga duch keladilar. Bu esa o‘qitish metodikasini takomillashtirishni talab etadi. Zamonaviy pedagogikada kommunikativ yondashuv ingliz tilini o‘qitishda eng samarali metodlardan biri sifatida e’tirof etilmoqda. Ushbu maqolaning maqsadi katta sinf o‘quvchilarida ingliz tilida gapirish ko‘nikmasini rivojlantirishda kommunikativ yondashuvning ahamiyati va samaradorligini yoritishdan iborat.
AYOLLAR TADBIRKORLIGINING HUDUDIY RIVOJLANISHGA TA’SIRI: O‘ZBEKISTON TAJRIBASI
Ushbu maqolada ayollar tadbirkorligining hududiy iqtisodiy rivojlanishga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. O‘zbekistonda xotin-qizlarning biznes faoliyatini qo‘llab-quvvatlash bo‘yicha amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar, ularning kichik biznes va xususiy tadbirkorlikdagi ishtiroki hamda bu jarayonning hududlar ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy rivojlanishiga qo‘shayotgan hissasi yoritiladi. Shuningdek, ayollar tadbirkorligining bandlikni oshirish, kambag‘allikni qisqartirish va mahalliy iqtisodiyotni diversifikatsiya qilishdagi o‘rni ilmiy jihatdan asoslab beriladi.
ayollar tadbirkorligi, hududiy rivojlanish, kichik biznes, xotin-qizlar, iqtisodiy o‘sish, bandlik, kambag‘allikni qisqartirish, O‘zbekiston tajribasi, mahalliy iqtisodiyot, gender tenglik.
ПЕРЕХОД К ЭКОНОМИКЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ В РОССИИ И ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ: НОВЫЕ ВЫЗОВЫ ДЛЯ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА КОМПАНИЙ ДО 2030 ГОДА
Статья посвящена анализу перехода экономики России и стран Центральной Азии (ЦА) к модели экономики предложения (supply-side economics) в контексте глобальных трендов 2025–2030 годов. На основе официальных документов (План структурных изменений РФ до 2030 г., Стратегия «Узбекистан–2030», прогнозы МВФ и Всемирного банка) рассматриваются ключевые механизмы трансформации: диверсификация производства, технологический суверенитет, повышение производительности труда и инвестиций. Особое внимание уделено новым вызовам для стратегического менеджмента компаний: дефициту кадров, интеграции ИИ, управлению рисками в условиях геополитической фрагментации и ESG-трансформации. Предложены практические рекомендации по адаптации корпоративных стратегий.
экономика предложения, стратегический менеджмент, структурные изменения, Россия, Центральная Азия, производительность труда, инвестиции, ИИ.
OILA VA MAKTAB HAMKORLIGINING BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF O‘QUVCHILARI TARBIYASIDAGI O‘RNI
Boshlang‘ich ta’lim bosqichi bolalarning shaxs sifatida shakllanishida muhim davr hisoblanib, bu jarayonda oila va maktabning o‘zaro hamkorligi alohida ahamiyat kasb etadi. Mazkur maqolada oila va maktab hamkorligining boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilari tarbiyasidagi o‘rni hamda ahamiyati yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda ota-onalar va pedagoglar o‘rtasidagi samarali muloqot, hamkorlikning shakl va usullari hamda ularning o‘quvchilarning ma’naviy-axloqiy, ijtimoiy hamda intellektual rivojlanishiga ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Oila va maktab hamkorligini yanada takomillashtirish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar ham keltirilgan.
oila, maktab, hamkorlik, tarbiya, boshlang‘ich ta’lim, ota-onalar, o‘quvchi, pedagogik jarayon.
Advanced Technologies for Lifetime Prediction of Automotive Plastic Components
The precise durability prognostics of automotive plastic details (bumpers, interior/exterior panels, and engine compartment polymer components) is highly complex due to material aging and wear under coupled thermal and dynamic stresses. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art technologies and advanced techniques currently employed to address these challenges.
predicting, plastic, composite, Loadings, Degradation, technology.
O'ZBEKISTON FLORA ASOSIDA KUZGI BARGLARDAN BIOCHAR VA MUQOBIL YOQILG'I OLISH TEXNOLOGIYASI
Ushbu maqolada O'zbekiston sharoitida har yili hosil bo'ladigan katta hajmdagi kuzgi barglar biomassasini chuqur qayta ishlashning ilmiy-amaliy asoslari yoritilgan. Barglarni yoqish natijasida kelib chiqadigan ekologik zararlar tahlil qilinib, muqobil yechim sifatida biochar (bioko'mir) va qattiq yoqilg'i briketlari ishlab chiqarish texnologiyasi taklif etiladi. Shuningdek, olingan g'ovakdor biocharning ekotizimlarni reabilitatsiya qilish va tuproq namligini saqlashdagi ahamiyati asoslangan.
biomassa, biochar, muqobil yoqilg'i, piroliz, tuproq melioratsiyasi, briket, mikoriza zamburug'lari, aqlli kapsulalar.
FOREIGN MODELS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY CLUSTERIZATION AS A FACTOR OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND ENHANCING INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS
The article examines international experience in the formation and development of cluster systems in the textile industry as a tool for enhancing competitiveness, innovation activity, and sustainable sectoral development. The study analyzes the specific features of cluster models in the United States, Europe, and Asia, as well as the operational practices of textile clusters in Surat (India), Dalang (China), Techtera (France), and the Portland sports industry cluster (USA). The research demonstrates that the effectiveness of the cluster approach is ensured through the territorial concentration of enterprises, production cooperation, integration of science and business, development of innovation infrastructure, and government support mechanisms. International experience confirms that clusters serve as an effective instrument for modernizing the textile industry, expanding export potential, and forming sustainable competitive advantages of national economies.
cluster system, clusterization, textile industry, light industry, innovation, production cooperation, industrial integration, global value chains, competitiveness, government support, international experience.
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS COOPERATION IN REGULATING EXPORT AND IMPORT FLOWS: EVIDENCE FROM GLOBAL FRAMEWORKS AND UZBEKISTAN
Background: International customs cooperation has become a core instrument of trade governance because customs administrations are expected to facilitate legitimate trade while controlling fiscal, sanitary, security and compliance risks. The problem is especially relevant for transition and landlocked economies, where border procedures, transit coordination and documentary requirements can materially affect export competitiveness and import costs. Objective: The article evaluates how international customs cooperation mechanisms influence export-import flows, with emphasis on the World Customs Organization (WCO), the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), mutual recognition instruments, digital customs services and Uzbekistan's ongoing customs reforms.
РАЗВИТИЕ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ВУЗОВ: ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И МЕТОДЫ
В статье рассматриваются теоретические и методические основы развития терминологической компетентности студентов технических вузов. Обосновывается её структура, включающая когнитивный, операциональный и коммуникативный компоненты. Представлена поэтапная технология формирования терминологической компетентности в процессе изучения русского языка и профессиональных дисциплин. Особое внимание уделяется контекстному обучению, кейс-методу, проектной деятельности и проблемно-коммуникативным заданиям как средствам активного использования профессиональной терминологии в учебной и профессиональной коммуникации.
терминологическая компетентность, технические вузы, педагогическая технология, профессиональная коммуникация, контекстное обучение, русский язык как язык специальности.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОМУ ОБЩЕНИЮ.
В статье анализируется эффективность современных методов обучения при формировании профессиональной коммуникативной компетенции в условиях цифровизации образования. Рассматриваются изменения требований рынка труда, где особое значение приобретают коммуникативные навыки, критическое мышление и способность к межкультурному взаимодействию. Исследование основано на комплексном подходе, включающем теоретический анализ, педагогический эксперимент, анкетирование и наблюдение. Полученные результаты показали, что использование инновационных методов, таких как кейс-метод, проектное и проблемно ориентированное обучение, способствует повышению уровня вовлечённости обучающихся и развитию их практических коммуникативных умений. Особое внимание уделено роли цифровых технологий и интерактивных инструментов, создающих условия, приближенные к профессиональной среде. Подчёркивается необходимость методической подготовки преподавателей и развития образовательной инфраструктуры. Сделан вывод о целесообразности интеграции традиционных и инновационных подходов.
профессиональное общение, коммуникативная компетенция, современные методы, цифровые технологии, интерактивное обучение, кейс-метод, проектное обучение, образование
TEXNOGEN MADANIYAT VA UNING XUSUSIYATLARI
Ushbu maqolada texnogen madaniyat tushunchasi, uning shakllanish omillari va zamonaviy jamiyat taraqqiyotidagi o‘rni ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqotda texnologiyalarning inson tafakkuri, madaniy qadriyatlar va ijtimoiy munosabatlarga ta’siri o‘rganildi. Shuningdek, texnogen sivilizatsiyaning asosiy xususiyatlari sifatida raqamlashtirish, axborotlashuv, virtual kommunikatsiya va texnologik ratsionalizm kabi masalalar yoritildi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, texnogen madaniyat inson hayotini yengillashtirish bilan bir qatorda, ma’naviy qadriyatlar transformatsiyasi, ekologik muammolar va insonning texnologiyalarga qaramligi kabi yangi ijtimoiy-falsafiy muammolarni ham yuzaga keltirmoqda.
texnogen madaniyat, texnogen sivilizatsiya, texnologiya, raqamli madaniyat, globallashuv, axborot jamiyati, texnologik ratsionalizm.
RAQAMLI TRANSFORMATSIYA VA ESTETIKA:GO‘ZALLIKNING YANGI REALLIGI
Ushbu maqolada raqamlashtirish jarayonlarining go‘zallik sanoati (Beauty Industry) va estetik qabulga ta’siri o‘rganiladi. Sun’iy intellekt (AI), kengaytirilgan borliq va katta ma’lumotlar tahlili orqali iste’molchilar uchun individual "go‘zallik formulalari" yaratishning ilmiy asoslari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, raqamli texnologiyalarning iqtisodiy samaradorligi va brendlar bilan mijozlar o‘rtasidagi aloqani optimallashtirishi tahlil qilinadi.
Raqamlashtirish; Beauty Tech; Sun’iy intellekt; Kengaytirilgan borliq; AR texnologiyalari; Shaxsiylashtirilgan kosmetika; Raqamli estetika; Dermatologik diagnostika; Big Data tahlili; Algoritmik go‘zallik; Teledermatologiya; Virtual modellashtirish; Kompyuter ko‘rishi; Aqlli formulalar; Raqamli transformatsiya; Estetik tibbiyot; Robototexnika.
THE ROLE OF COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS IN TEACHING ENGLISH
The swift advancement of digital technologies has revolutionized language learning and opened up new avenues for English instruction. A major component of contemporary English language instruction (ELT) is computational linguistics, an interdisciplinary area that blends linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence. Computational linguistics offers cutting-edge techniques that improve language learning and teaching efficacy through natural language processing (NLP), corpus linguistics, machine translation, speech recognition, and intelligent tutoring systems. Through a survey of recent research and an analysis of its pedagogical applications, this paper explores the role of computational linguistics in English language instruction. The results show that data-driven language training, vocabulary building, pronunciation practice, tailored learning, and instant feedback are all supported by computational linguistics. But issues like technological constraints, teacher readiness, and moral dilemmas still exist. The research finds that computational computational linguistics has become an essential component of contemporary English education and will continue to shape future teaching methodologies.
Computational Linguistics, English Language Teaching, Natural Language Processing, Corpus Linguistics, Artificial Intelligence, Language Learning
Ways to Increase Efficiency in the Cherry Production and Sales Process
Uzbekistan has emerged as a significant player in global sweet cherry production and exports, leveraging favorable agroecological conditions. In 2023–2024, the country produced approximately 219,000–300,000 metric tons of cherries annually and exported 32,200 tons in 2024, generating $70.3 million in revenue. This article analyzes current production and sales dynamics, identifies key inefficiencies in the value chain, and proposes evidence-based strategies to enhance efficiency. Drawing on the latest statistics (2024–2025/26 data), it includes two tables and one chart. Recommendations focus on varietal improvement, post-harvest technologies, cold chain optimization, market diversification, and sustainable practices. These measures could substantially boost yields, reduce losses, and increase export revenues, supporting Uzbekistan’s agricultural export goals. Keywords: sweet cherry production, Uzbekistan agriculture, post-harvest efficiency, export value chain, sustainable farming.
Fruit exports, Uzbekistan agriculture, export prospects, dried fruits, market diversification, agricultural infrastructure, value-added processing, global trade.
PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPING VEGETABLE EXPORTS
Uzbekistan has emerged as a significant supplier of vegetable products in the Eurasian agricultural market, exporting over 2 million tons worth $1.5 billion in 2024. This article examines the current state, key challenges, and strategic prospects of vegetable export development in Uzbekistan. Drawing on official statistics from the State Statistics Agency of Uzbekistan, FAO data, and recent sector analyses, the study identifies critical constraints including cold chain infrastructure deficiencies, post-harvest losses of 20–30%, and market concentration risks. The article proposes evidence-based recommendations covering logistics modernization, product diversification, digital trade platforms, and regulatory harmonization. The findings contribute to the ongoing policy discourse on sustainable agricultural export growth in transition economies.
vegetable exports, Uzbekistan agriculture, cold chain logistics, export diversification, agri-food trade, Central Asia
YASHIL IQTISODIYOT SHAROITIDA MINTAQAVIY IQTISODIY ALOQALARNI RIVOJLANTIRISHDA RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR VA SUN’IY INTELLEKTNING STRATEGIK ROLI
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada yashil iqtisodiyot sharoitida mintaqaviy iqtisodiy aloqalarni rivojlantirishda raqamli texnologiyalar va sun’iy intellektning strategik roli tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda raqamlashtirish jarayonlari, sun’iy intellekt asosidagi boshqaruv tizimlari hamda innovatsion texnologiyalarning iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirish, resurslardan oqilona foydalanish va ekologik barqarorlikni ta’minlashdagi ahamiyati yoritilgan. Shuningdek, mintaqalararo iqtisodiy integratsiyani kuchaytirishda raqamli platformalar, elektron savdo tizimlari va aqlli boshqaruv mexanizmlarining o‘rni o‘rganilgan. Maqolada yashil iqtisodiyotga o‘tish jarayonida zamonaviy axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalaridan foydalanishning ustuvor yo‘nalishlari hamda ularning iqtisodiy rivojlanishga ta’siri bo‘yicha ilmiy xulosalar keltirilgan.
yashil iqtisodiyot, raqamli texnologiyalar, sun’iy intellekt, mintaqaviy iqtisodiy aloqalar, raqamlashtirish, innovatsion rivojlanish, ekologik barqarorlik, elektron savdo, aqlli boshqaruv, iqtisodiy integratsiya, raqamli iqtisodiyot, barqaror rivojlanish.
TALABALAR BILIMINI BAHOLASHDA AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARIDAN FOYDALANISHNING NAZARIY-PEDAGOGIK ASOSLARI
Mazkur maqolada talabalar bilimini baholashda axborot texnologiyalaridan foydalanishning nazariy-pedagogik asoslari tahlil qilingan bo’lib bunda raqamli ta’lim muhitida elektron baholash tizimlari, LMS platformalari va onlayn nazorat vositalarining imkoniyatlari, shuningdek, axborot texnologiyalarining baholash jarayonidagi obyektivlik, shaffoflik va tezkorlikni ta’minlashdagi o‘rni yoritilgan.
axborot texnologiyalari, elektron baholash, LMS platformalari, raqamli ta’lim, kompetensiyaviy yondashuv, formativ baholash, akademik halollik, o‘quv analitikasi, masofaviy ta’lim, pedagogik texnologiyalar.
KREATIV YONDASHUV ASOSIDA O’QUVCHILARDA MA’NAVIY DUNYOQARASHNI KENGAYTIRISH OMILLARI VA PRINSIPLARI
Mazkur maqolada kreativ yondashuv asosida o‘quvchilarda ma’naviy dunyoqarashni kengaytirishning pedagogik omillari va prinsiplari tahlil qilingan bo‘lib, bunda ma’naviy tarbiya jarayonida kreativ fikrlashni rivojlantirishning nazariy asoslari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, o‘quvchilarning ma’naviy-axloqiy sifatlarini shakllantirishda innovatsion pedagogik texnologiyalar, interfaol metodlar va ijodiy faoliyatning ahamiyati asoslab berilgan. Ma’naviy dunyoqarashni rivojlantirishga ta’sir etuvchi ijtimoiy-pedagogik omillar hamda samaradorlikni ta’minlovchi prinsiplar tavsiflangan.
kreativ yondashuv, ma’naviy dunyoqarash, ma’naviy tarbiya, kreativ fikrlash, pedagogik omillar, pedagogik prinsiplar, innovatsion texnologiyalar, interfaol metodlar, shaxs rivojlanishi, ma’naviy-axloqiy tarbiya.
ABDURAUF FITRATNING ISLOM TARIXSHUNOSLIGIDAGI METODOLOGIK QARASHLARI
Mazkur maqolada Abdurauf Fitratning islom tarixshunosligiga oid metodologik qarashlari tahlil qilinadi. Muallifning “Muxtasar Islom tarixi” asari asosida tarixiylik, ratsionalizm va sotsiologik yondashuv tamoyillari o‘rganildi. Fitratning tarixni milliy uyg‘onish va ma’rifat vositasi sifatida talqin qilgani ilmiy jihatdan asoslab berildi.
Fitrat, jadidchilik, islom tarixi, tarixshunoslik, metodologiya, sivilizatsiya, jadid pedagogikasi.
ROUTES OF ILLEGAL TRAFFICKING OF NARCOTIC DRUGS ACROSS NATIONAL BORDERS
In today’s globally challenging era, one of the pressing issues that has not lost its relevance is the illegal transportation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and potent psychoactive materials across state borders through smuggling. Drug addiction remains widespread, especially among young people, and cases of importing these substances and distributing them within the country are frequently encountered.
narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, potent psychoactive materials, smuggling, drug situation, border checkpoints, improvement of the material and technical base of customs posts.
ROSSIYA IMPERIYASINING TURKISTONDAGI MA’MURIY BOSHQARUV TIZIMI
Mazkur maqolada XIX asrning ikkinchi yarmi va XX asr boshlarida Rossiya imperiyasining Turkistonda joriy etgan ma’muriy boshqaruv tizimi tarixiy manbalar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda Turkiston general-gubernatorligining tashkil etilishi, ma’muriy-hududiy boshqaruv tizimi, harbiy-ma’muriy siyosat, sud va soliq tizimidagi o‘zgarishlar hamda mustamlakachilik boshqaruvining mahalliy aholi hayotiga ta’siri yoritiladi. Shuningdek, Rossiya imperiyasining Turkistondagi boshqaruv siyosati imperiyaning geosiyosiy va iqtisodiy manfaatlari bilan bog‘liqlikda ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot natijalari Rossiya imperiyasi Turkistonda markazlashgan mustamlakachilik boshqaruv tizimini shakllantirganini ko‘rsatadi.
Turkiston general-gubernatorligi, Rossiya imperiyasi, mustamlakachilik siyosati, ma’muriy boshqaruv, harbiy-ma’muriy tizim, Kaufman, Turkiston o‘lkasi, sud tizimi, soliq siyosati.
Ushbu maqolada quyosh elementlari konstruktsiyasi, ularning tuzilishi, asosiy qismlari va ishlash prinsipi haqida ma’lumot berilgan. Quyosh panellarining fotoelektrik hujayralari, himoya qatlamlari, alyuminiy ramkasi hamda ulanish tizimlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, quyosh energiyasidan foydalanishning afzalliklari va zamonaviy energetikadagi ahamiyati bayon etilgan.
quyosh elementi, quyosh paneli, fotoelektrik hujayra, kremniy, elektr energiyasi, quyosh energiyasi, konstruktsiya, ekologik energiya.
KICHIK BIZNES VA TADBIRKORLIKNING IQTISODIY RIVOJLANISHDAGI O‘RNI
Mazkur maqolada globallashuv va iqtisodiy integratsiyalashuv sharoitida kichik biznes va tadbirkorlik faoliyatining iqtisodiy rivojlanishdagi o‘rni hamda ahamiyati tahlil qilingan. Kichik biznes sub’ektlarining iqtisodiy o‘sishni ta’minlash, yangi ish o‘rinlarini yaratish, aholi bandligini oshirish va ijtimoiy farovonlikni yaxshilashdagi roli yoritilgan. Maqolada ushbu sohani rivojlantirishning istiqboldagi yo‘nalishlari va iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshirish omillari ham ko‘rib chiqilgan.
Kichik biznes, tadbirkorlik faoliyati, iqtisodiy o‘sish, bandlik, globallashuv, iqtisodiy integratsiya, xususiy tadbirkorlik, iqtisodiy islohotlar, biznes muhiti, iqtisodiy barqarorlik.
OILAVIY NIZOLARDA ADVOKATNING AHAMIYATI ROLI VA O‘RNI
Ushbu maqolada oilaviy nizolarda advokatning ahamiyati, roli va o‘rni fuqarolik-huquqiy hamda protsessual mexanizmlar kesishmasida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning maqsadi oilaviy mojarolarni hal etishda advokatning vakillik, maslahat, muzokara va dalillash funksiyalari nizoni yumshatish, huquqiy aniqlik yaratish va bolalar manfaatini himoya qilishga qanday xizmat qilishini ilmiy asoslashdan iborat. Metodologiya sifatida normativ-huquqiy tahlil, qiyosiy yondashuv, sud amaliyoti materiallarini kontent tahlil qilish va risklarni baholash modeli qo‘llanadi. Ilmiy yangilik advokat ishtirokining protsessual samaradorligini o‘lchovchi konseptual indikatorlar taklif etilishi, oilaviy nizolarda ishonchli kelishuvga olib boruvchi “erta huquqiy skrining” mexanizmi asoslanishi va advokat etikasi hamda mediatsiya bilan o‘zaro uyg‘unlashuvining amaliy modeli ishlab chiqilishida namoyon bo‘ladi. Natijalar advokat ishtiroki nizoning eskalatsiyasi va ijro bosqichidagi xavflarni kamaytirishini ko‘rsatadi.
oilaviy nizo; advokat; vakillik; mediatsiya; bolalar manfaatlari; dalillar; sud amaliyoti
MINTAQA INVESTITSION JOZIBADORLIGINI OSHIRISH IMKONIYATLARI (QASHQADARYO VILOYATI MISOLIDA)
Ushbu maqolada Qashqadaryo viloyatining investitsion jozibadorligini shakllantiruvchi asosiy omillar, mavjud iqtisodiy imkoniyatlar va investitsiya siyosatining hududiy rivojlanishga ta’siri kompleks tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot doirasida 2018–2023-yillar davomida investitsiya oqimlarining dinamikasi, tarmoqlar bo‘yicha taqsimlanishi, hudud iqtisodiyotining tarkibiy o‘zgarishlari va klasterlashuv jarayonlarining investitsion muhitga ta’siri o‘rganildi. Natijalar Qashqadaryo viloyatining tabiiy resurslar, sanoat salohiyati va mehnat resurslari bo‘yicha sezilarli ustunliklarga ega ekanini ko‘rsatdi. Shu bilan birga, transport-logistika infratuzilmasining rivojlanmaganligi, texnologik eskirgan ishlab chiqarish quvvatlari va institutsional muhitdagi nomutanosibliklar investitsion jozibadorlik uchun muhim cheklov sifatida qayd etildi. Tadqiqotda SWOT tahlil, solishtirma baholash, investitsion jozibadorlik indeksi kabi metodlardan foydalanildi. Olingan natijalar hududning investitsion salohiyatini oshirish uchun energetika klasterini modernizatsiya qilish, agro-sanoat qayta ishlash zanjirini kengaytirish, raqamli infratuzilmani rivojlantirish va logistika tizimini modernizatsiya qilish zarurligini ko‘rsatadi. Maqola hududiy investitsiya siyosatini shakllantirishda amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
investitsion jozibadorlik, hududiy rivojlanish, Qashqadaryo, investitsiya indeksi, klasterlashuv, infratuzilma, iqtisodiy faollik, institutsional muhit, investitsiya oqimlari, resurs salohiyati, agro-sanoat, energetika klasteri, logistika tizimi, raqamli iqtisodiyot, iqtisodiy islohotlar, strategik imkoniyatlar, kapital qo‘yilmalar, eksport salohiyati, hududiy iqtisodiyot.
SOVUTISH TIZIMINING SAMARADORLIGI VA UNING TRANSFORMATORNING UMUMIY ISHLASHIGA TASIRI
Ushbu maqolada transformatorlarning sovutish tizimi samaradorligi hamda uning qurilmaning umumiy ishlashiga ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Elektr energetika tizimida transformatorlar muhim o‘rin egallaydi va ularning ishonchli hamda uzluksiz ishlashi ko‘p jihatdan sovutish tizimining samaradorligiga bog‘liq. Transformator ishlash jarayonida chulg‘amlar va magnit o‘tkazgichlarda issiqlik hosil bo‘ladi. Agar hosil bo‘lgan issiqlik o‘z vaqtida tashqariga chiqarilmasa, qurilmaning ichki harorati ortib ketadi va bu izolyatsiya materiallarining tez eskirishiga, energiya yo‘qotishlarining oshishiga hamda avariya holatlarining yuzaga kelishiga sabab bo‘ladi. Maqolada transformatorlarda qo‘llaniladigan tabiiy va majburiy sovutish usullari, jumladan moyli va havo yordamida sovutish tizimlari o‘rganilgan. Sovutish tizimining ishlash prinsipi, uning issiqlik almashinuvidagi roli va transformatorning foydali ish koeffitsiyentiga ta’siri yoritilgan.
Transformator, sovutish tizimi, issiqlik almashinuvi, elektr energetikasi, moyli sovutish, havo bilan sovutish, transformator samaradorligi, foydali ish koeffitsiyenti, energiya yo‘qotishlari, ortiqcha qizish, izolyatsiya materiali, avtomatlashtirilgan sovutish tizimi, elektr ta’minoti ishonchliligi, texnik xizmat ko‘rsatish, energetik samaradorlik.
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF O‘QUVCHILARINING SAVOD O‘RGANISH JARAYONIDA INNOVATSION METODLARDAN FOYDALANISH
Mazkur maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining savod o‘rganish jarayonida yuzaga keladigan muammolarni bartaraf etishda innovatsion pedagogik metodlarning o‘rni va ahamiyati keng yoritilgan. Xususan, plastilin yordamida harflarni modellashtirish metodikasi hamda interfaol guruhli topishmoq o‘yini orqali o‘quvchilarning bilimni chuqur va mustahkam o‘zlashtirish jarayoni tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida o‘quvchilarning qiziqishi, faolligi, mustaqil fikrlashi va ijodiy yondashuvi sezilarli darajada oshgani kuzatildi. Ushbu metodlarning boshlang‘ich ta’lim jarayoniga joriy etilishi ta’lim sifatini oshirishga xizmat qilishi ilmiy asosda isbotlanadi.
Boshlang‘ich ta’lim, savod o‘rgatish, innovatsion metodlar, plastilin metodikasi, interfaol o‘yinlar, kinestetik yondashuv, ijodiy fikrlash, o‘quv faolligi