JIGAR SIRROZI: SABABLARI, BELGILARI VA DAVOLASH USULLARI
Keywords:
Jigar sirrozi, fibroz, portal gipertenziya, gepatit, assit, gepatoproteksiya, jigar transplantatsiyasi, diagnostika.Abstract
Jigar sirrozi — bu jigar parenximasining diffuz fibrozlanishi va regenerativ tugunlar hosil bo‘lishi bilan tavsiflanadigan, surunkali va progressiv kechuvchi kasallik bo‘lib, hozirgi kunda muhim tibbiy muammolardan biri hisoblanadi. Jigar kasalliklari, xususan sirroz, nogironlik va o‘limning yetakchi sabablaridan biri bo‘lib qolmoqda. Mazkur ishda jigar sirrozining asosiy etiologik omillari — virusli gepatitlar, alkogol bilan bog‘liq jigar shikastlanishi, metabolik sindrom va dori vositalariga bog‘liq zararlanishlar kompleks tarzda tahlil qilinadi. Kasallik patogenezida gepatotsitlarning shikastlanishi, yallig‘lanish reaksiyalari va fibroz to‘qima shakllanishi muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Shuningdek, kasallik kompensatsiyalangan va dekompensatsiyalangan bosqichlarga bo‘linib, ularning klinik kechishi va prognozi o‘rganiladi. Jigar sirrozining klinik belgilari dastlab kam ifodalangan bo‘lishi mumkin, ammo vaqt o‘tishi bilan sariqlik, ascit, portal gipertenziya, varikoz qon ketishlar va jigar ensefalopatiyasi kabi og‘ir asoratlar rivojlanadi. Kasallikning kechishi va asoratlari bemorning hayot sifatiga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Jigar sirrozini davolash etiologik omillarni bartaraf etish, asoratlarni nazorat qilish va bemorning umumiy holatini yaxshilashga qaratilgan kompleks yondashuvni talab qiladi. Zamonaviy davolash usullariga antiviral terapiya, detoksikatsiya, simptomatik davolash hamda og‘ir holatlarda jigar transplantatsiyasi kiradi.
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